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Ultrasensitive Insulin EIA背景介紹：

Mercodia Ultrasensitive Insulin ELISA provides a method for the quantitative determination of insulin in human serum or plasma.

Ultrasensitive Insulin EIA  Summary and explanation of the test

Insulin is the principal hormone responsible for the control of glucose metabolism.It is synthezised in the beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans as the precursor,proinsulin, which is processed to form C-peptide and insulin. Both are secretedin equimolar amounts into the portal circulation. The mature insulin moleculecomprises two polypeptide chains, the A chain and the B chain (21 and 30amino acids respectively). The two chains are linked together by two inter-chaindisulphide bridges. There is also an intra-chain disulphide bridge in the A chain.?Secretion of insulin is mainly controlled by plasma glucose concentration,and the hormone has a number of important metabolic actions. Its principalfunction is to control the uptake and utilization of glucose in peripheral tissuesvia the glucose transporter. This and other hypoglycaemic activities, such as theinhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis are counteracted by thehyperglycaemic hormones including glucagon, epinephrine (adrenaline), growthhormone and cortisol.?Insulin concentrations are severely reduced in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)and some other conditions such as hypopituitarism. Insulin levels are raisedin Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), obesity, insulinoma and some endocrinedysfunctions such as Cushing’s syndrome and acromegaly。

Ultrasensitive Insulin EIAPrinciple of the procedure

Mercodia Ultrasensitive Insulin ELISA is a solid phase two-site enzymeimmunoassay. It is based on the direct sandwich technique in which twomonoclonal antibodies are directed against separate antigenic determinantson the insulin molecule. During incubation insulin in the sample react withperoxidase-conjugated anti-insulin antibodies and anti-insulin antibodies boundto microplate. A simple washing step removes unbound enzyme labeled antibody.The bound conjugate is detected by reaction with 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine.The reaction is stopped by adding acid to give a colorimetric endpoint that is readspectrophotometrically